Lot 697
Egypt, Middle Kingdom, 11th to 13th Dynasties, ca. 2055 to 1650 BCE. A commanding Egyptian bronze short sword or dagger, preserved in its essential martial core, revealing both the sophistication of Middle Kingdom metallurgy and the layered construction of ancient weapons. Objects of this type were not merely instruments of violence but emblems of authority, protection, and cosmic order. The blade is long and tapering, cast in bronze and narrowing to a sharp point, with a gently faceted profile that suggests both cutting efficiency and careful workmanship. Its surface displays a richly variegated patina of deep green with reddish and brown undertones, formed through centuries of burial and oxidation. The blade transitions seamlessly into the upper section, which represents the bronze tang rather than a complete hilt. Size: 13.5" L x 2.3" W (34.3 cm x 5.8 cm)
The projecting, forked form at the top is not a pommel but the attachment element designed to receive an organic grip and pommel, now lost, likely fashioned from ivory, wood, or bone. The perforations and linear ridges visible along this section would have secured these organic components, either through pegs, bindings, or adhesive. Such composite construction was typical of Middle Kingdom weapons, combining durable bronze with more tactile materials for handling and visual refinement.
Daggers and short swords of this form were carried by elites, officials, and warriors, and they frequently accompanied the dead in funerary contexts, where weapons served as protective devices in the afterlife. During the Middle Kingdom, Egyptian bronze working reached a high level of technical confidence, producing weapons that balanced restraint, symbolism, and lethal clarity. Stripped of its organic fittings yet still powerfully expressive, this dagger preserves the architectural logic of its design, offering a rare glimpse into the mechanics and meaning of Middle Kingdom arms.
Provenance: private London, United Kingdom collection; previously Jacques-Rene Fiechter collection, Switzerland, 1970s-1980s. Acquired in Swiss art gallery in 1973. Hans Blaser collection, Switzerland, 1989.
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#200953
- Condition: Pommel and grip are missing as shown (most likely made of ivory or wood originally). Blade re-attached to the hilt. A few minor nicks and expected age wear, but, otherwise, excellent with rich patina throughout.
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